The Effects of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles on the Growth and Yield of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) from Seedling to Tillering Stage

Abstract Ginger ( Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is one of the economically important crops in domestic and global markets due to its versatile properties as a spice, flavoring agent traditional medicine. Conventional ginger cultivation required longer time frame harvest for soil restoration, which limited productivity ginger. Hydroponic systems represent valuable solution problem land availability with benefits shortened frame, increased production yield thereby increase farming. Besides that, many synthetic fertilizers have low nutrient use efficiency (NUE). Nanofertilizers characteristic delivering nutrients controlled manner showed potential overcome this problem. The study aims determine effects hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HANP) on growth In study, were synthesized characterized. Experiments conducted effect different concentrations growth, yield, chlorophyll contents photosynthetic rate hydroponically cultivated Cocopeat was selected planting medium Hoagland modified formula used regular fertigation. results that increment (P<0.05) number leaves content HANP-treated plants (200 ppm HANP) from week 9 13 higher percentage 11 (20-54%) (200-1000 ppm) compared control (10%). This HANP treatments next developmental stage